Liver cirrhosis is a chronic condition where healthy liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue (fibrosis), leading to the gradual loss of liver function. It is the result of long-term damage to the liver from various causes, such as alcohol use, viral infections, or chronic diseases.
The liver repairs itself when damaged, but repeated injury triggers excessive scarring. This scar tissue blocks the normal flow of blood through the liver and disrupts its essential functions.
Cirrhosis Q&A
What causes cirrhosis?
- Alcohol abuse: Chronic heavy drinking is a leading cause.
- Chronic viral hepatitis: Such as untreated hepatitis B or C infections.
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Often linked to obesity, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome.
- Autoimmune hepatitis: When the immune system attacks liver cells.
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Genetic disorders:
- Hemochromatosis (excess iron buildup)
- Wilson's disease (excess copper buildup)
- Other toxins: Long-term exposure to certain drugs or environmental toxins.
How is cirrhosis diagnosed?
- Blood tests: Assess liver function (ALT, AST, bilirubin, albumin, INR).
- Imaging: Ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to detect scarring and liver size.
- 3Liver biopsy: In some cases may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and assess severity.
- Fibroscan: A noninvasive test to measure liver stiffness.
How is cirrhosis treated?
There is no cure for cirrhosis, but treatments aim to slow its progression, manage complications, and treat the underlying cause:
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Lifestyle changes:
- Avoid alcohol and liver-damaging substances.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
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Medications:
- Antiviral drugs for viral hepatitis.
- Diuretics to reduce fluid buildup.
- Endoscopic procedures: To treat varices or manage bleeding.
- Liver transplantFor severe cases or liver failure.
How is cirrhosis prevented?
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
- Get vaccinated for hepatitis A and B.
- Practice safe behaviors to prevent hepatitis C (e.g., avoid sharing needles).
- Maintain a healthy weight and diet.
Early detection and treatment of underlying liver conditions are key to preventing cirrhosis progression. If you suspect liver issues, call Gastrointestinal & Liver Consultants today.